Sigmund Freud, should be called Fraud, especially when considering Jung was a contemporary.
Much of psychoanalysis (id, ego, repression, Oedipus complex) is considered scientifically weak or impossible to empirically test.
Oversexualization: Critics argue he interpreted many behaviors through a sexual lens, sometimes stretching evidence.
Case manipulation: he shaped case studies to fit theory.
Cocaine use: Early in his career he promoted cocaine as therapeutic
Treatment harm: Psychoanalysis could be lengthy, expensive, and ineffective for severe conditions.
Dark circles ran around Freud, including pedos and other nasty men. Its hard to do research because the mainline search engines try to make finding stuff about this bastard harder than it should be.
Edward Bernays - Freud's nephew.
Pioneer of modern public relations. The engineering of lies, the science of propaganda.
Applied Freud's theories to mass persuasion and engineering consent.
Bernays explicitly believed the public needed to be guided and manipulated by elites.
Commercial manipulation. Bernays used psychology to make people associate products with identity, status, and liberation (e.g., 'Torches of Freedom' cigarette campaign targeting women).
Political propaganda. Bernays worked on behalf of corporations and governments to shape public opinion.
Bernays openly argued that democracy required invisible persuasion by skilled propagandists. Critics see this as elite paternalism at best, anti democratic manipulation at worst.
