Ask a genuine anarcho-capitalist anything* - *ideally where a libertarian framework is relevant

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As far as I can tell that seems to be the framework you've been proclaiming throughout the thread. Can you confirm that this is in fact your position?
Without nitpicking on the logical validity as presented:

Syllogisms 1 and 2 are accurate to my position.

3 is pretty close. Extend this to "rights in general" and adjust the conclusion to "rights are what the dominant power structure guarantees to you so long as you comply with its laws."

4 is an exaggeration. I will not say there is no objective basis in which to define aggression in the most obvious cases. Just that the aggressor/aggressed relationship is not always clear cut and edge cases exist where whether an aggression has taken place at all requires arbitration.

As for 5, it's mostly accurate to what I believe. A more accurate one would be this.
1. People are beholden to whatever the dominant power structure is wherever they are.
2. In the absence of a monopoly of force, people will fill the void by establishing their own.
Conclusion: in the absence of a centralized power structure with broad jurisdiction, what arises instead are multiple power structures of smaller jurisdiction.
 
Have you played Fallout 3? Or Skyrim?
No.

I found that the children in these games are absolutely insufferable and intolerable jackasses. And my hypothesis is that this absolutely insufferable behavior actually makes sense in-universe, because these children are immortal (unless you make the mortal through the use of mods). In essence, because they are immortal, they can afford to act like complete and utter jackasses.
And I reckon many sovcits do the same. They think they can get out of repercussions easy, so they stop giving a fuck about repercussions.
Great meta perspective on forced game design. Although, I believe that if you were able to kill children at will, the game would not be allowed to be released/sold in various countries. I know what you're going to say: the state should not limit creativity or dictate how people engage in entertainment.

And I reckon many sovcits do the same. They think they can get out of repercussions easy, so they stop giving a fuck about repercussions.
Some do because the state allows them to.
 
3 is pretty close. Extend this to "rights in general" and adjust the conclusion to "rights are what the dominant power structure guarantees to you so long as you comply with its laws."
That's not always the case either. Example: the right to free assembly. Portland, OR "allows" the right to free expression provided your expression complies with whatever the local government "believes" In that, their "right" to free expression overrides YOUR right to free expression or safety through the tolerance of state enforcement. It stops being a right into a privilege now.

 
It's a truism about physical conflict.
The question isn't whether force exists. The question is whether law is defined by force (as you seem to assume, and others are arguing by) or whether force is evaluated against an objective principle (the anarcho-capitalist position). If you collapse the two, then every successful gang in history was "the law" simply because they won.
If I'm reading this right, your position is divorced from reality? If a gang or cartel gives you the choice between some tax or the application of force, you pay the tax. That's de facto law. It might be unjust, but justice doesn't make laws. Law and justice being in accordance only really matters to give laws the air of legitimacy.

The only difference between a gang and a government is its legitimacy, which is determined by its subjects. If your view is that all forms of governance are illegitimate, then all forms of governance are gangs.

That doesn't change the base fact that power is ultimately a factor of both cooperation and coercion, and disregarding one or the other is idealistic.

Power is also not necessarily monopolistic, if you don't like your nation, you can go elsewhere and freely associate with another state. However, as it turns out, most places don't want you without you providing some benefit to that state, and most places have some form of immigration requirements.
 
That's not always the case either. Example: the right to free assembly. Portland, OR "allows" the right to free expression provided your expression complies with whatever the local government "believes" In that, their "right" to free expression overrides YOUR right to free expression or safety through the tolerance of state enforcement. It stops being a right into a privilege now.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=Ktb_C5TF9Nk
Yeah. If it helps, think of it like a contract:
Rights are what you get out of the deal. Restrictions, obligations, and taxes are the cost of entering the contract. Sometimes one side does not fulfill their end of the bargain and there isn't always much you can do about it. It's unfortunate, but at least "free" nations typically have a court system with which you can contest these breaches of contract and occasionally win.
 
Although, I believe that if you were able to kill children at will, the game would not be allowed to be released/sold in various countries.
Jokes on you, you can actually kill children in unmodded Fallout 2 if I'm not mistaken. You even get a perk for doing this, although it has massive negative repercussions.

Regardless, my point was about how people behave when their actions are decoupled from negative consequences. And many sovcits think their actions are decoupled from negative consequences, and therefore they act like jackasses.
Even more regardlessly, in an anarcho-capitalist society, there exists no such thing as limited liability or the Nuremberg defense. Everybody has unlimited liability to everything they do. I also reckon that everybody will be armed to the teeth. Think Wild West except much higher budget. In such a society, you will meet the most polite people you have ever imagined, simply because of the consequences of being a jackass.



Syllogisms 1 and 2 are accurate to my position.
That's good, let's tackle 1:
The nature of law
Premise A: Law is whatever rules are consistently enforced by the dominant power structure.
Premise B: If rules cannot be enforced, they are not law, only requests.
Conclusion: Law is an observable social fact, not a principle.
As far as I can see, this simply collapses into something that's trivial, contradictory, unusable, or all of the above.

If "law" just means "what the dominant gang enforces", then calling something "law" means nothing beyond "this is what the gang is doing or will do". It's replacing a normative category with a weather report. "Expect batons". Under that definition, there is always law, by definition, wherever someone can hit hard enough. And that makes the claim of law unfalsifiable and simply empty. No possible observation could show "there's no law here" because any stable coercion counts as "law". And a theory that explains everything explains nothing.
The criterion of consistent enforcement is also a shot in the foot. No actual system enforces consistently. Selective prosecution, discretion, budgets, and corruption are universal. By premise B, most statutes, regulations, and constitutional provisions (which are chronically underenforced) are "not law" while ad hoc crackdowns are "law". And thus your position inverts ordinary usage in a way that "law" tracks sporadic force instead of announced rules. And what's even worse, the moment enforcement is shaky, your "law" blinks in and out of existence.
And you make it impossible to describe illegal state action. If the dominant power violates its own self-proclaimed rules (think unconstitutional acts, unlawful orders, police criminality etc), do those violations count as "law" (because they're enforced by the dominant power) or do they count as "not law" (because they're contrary to the code)? Under your standard, there is no place for state illegality as a category. Whatever the monopolist does is law by definition. Yet in ordinary speech you rely exactly on that distinction.

How do you propose any actor (in the sense of being that acts) is supposed to plan? Like, "if I do X, then Y follows" is a plan. In your view, "law" is just a retrospective or probabilistic forecast of what the gang might enforce tomorrow. So it's not "rule of law", it's rule of whim. And the "objectivity" you claim is merely measurability of force after the fact, not an objective standard any actor can conform to beforehand.
What even is "the" dominant power when authority overlaps? Like central government vs province vs agency vs cartel vs militia vs platform? Either there is simultaneous contradictory law or a normative rule of recognition to pick a winner is smuggled in, but the latter is precisely what you claim to reject? If a regime falls at 2 PM, do its "laws" cease to have been law at 1:59? Is it even intelligible to have a criminal trial against government officials for past "legal" acts? I mean, it would be intelligible if you concede a standard beyond whoever held the whip at that minute. But if you answer "it was law then", you're conceding that "law" is just a timestamped label for who was stronger.
Your notion of "objectivity" is also wrong. "We can observe enforcement" is not normative objectivity, it's just sociological measurability. I can count batons and it's objective the same way I can count raindrops. Neither of these tell us what a law is, they only tell us what happened. You're replacing the truth of a standard with a frequency of a behavior?
And when I pressed you regarding the distinction between contract and extortion etc., you appealed to duress, instigation, predetermination, yet all of these are normative criteria that do not reduce to "who enforced what". If law is nothing but enforcement, then these distinctions are simply meaningless. The moment you invoke them, you've already abandoned your own point regarding the nature of law.
And you later extended this to "rights are whatever the dominant power guarantees if you comply", but that's clearly permissions and not rights. The words "violation", "abuse", "overreach" become incoherent, because only revocation exists. Yet you and everyone else use those words meaningfully. And your position on the nature of law makes that impossible without smuggling back in an independent standard.

The thing is that law that precedes enforcement, such as the notion of law I advocate for, namely law grounded in objective features of reality, such a law can do things that your notion of law can't.
It can explain why the order of a ruler can be unlawful. It can guide conduct in advance and enable planning for the future. It can survive changes in who holds the whip. And it classifies show trials as show trials even when spectacles are enforced. So enforcement then is a defense of law and not a definition of law.

So either you double down on your legal positivist notion of law and concede that "law" means nothing but regularized force, in which case I insist you cease using the vocabulary of trials, contracts, rights, illegality, and abuse because the terms have no content.
Or you admit that law has content apart from enforcement, in which case your point is false and the doorway opens to objective standards that you have been knowingly or unknowingly borrowing all along.



If I'm reading this right, your position is divorced from reality? If a gang or cartel gives you the choice between some tax or the application of force, you pay the tax. That's de facto law. It might be unjust, but justice doesn't make laws. Law and justice being in accordance only really matters to give laws the air of legitimacy.

The only difference between a gang and a government is its legitimacy, which is determined by its subjects. If your view is that all forms of governance are illegitimate, then all forms of governance are gangs.

That doesn't change the base fact that power is ultimately a factor of both cooperation and coercion, and disregarding one or the other is idealistic.

Power is also not necessarily monopolistic, if you don't like your nation, you can go elsewhere and freely associate with another state. However, as it turns out, most places don't want you without you providing some benefit to that state, and most places have some form of immigration requirements.
Oh no, that's exactly the conflation I warned about. If you treat "whatever a gang can make you pay under threat" as the definition of law just because they say it is, then the word has no distinct meaning. At that point, "law" just means coercion and you've basically thrown legal philosophy out the window and surrendered to the banal fact that stronger people can use force to impose their will. At that point you're just using different words to talk about violence.

The anarcho-capitalist point is that law is not a mere description of violence, but principle. Law is rules grounded in the condition of human action which can be identified objectively. Force exists, but either force is aligned with these principles (like defensive, punitive, restitutive, retaliatory force) or it's opposed to these principles (like aggressive force). If you deny that distinction, then you have successfully gotten rid of your ability to say why one gang's edict is "law" while the edict of another gang is mere thuggery.

Regarding legitimacy, it's complete nonsense. Legitimacy is not conjured like a magic spell because of subjects "recognizing" it, because belief does not create truth. The Nazis didn't somehow become right because millions of people saluted. You're describing sociology instead of law, the behavior of people under power. It's good knowledge to have if you want to predict the behavior of others, but it's irrelevant to the question of legitimacy.

And again cooperation is natural, and anarcho-capitalism is cooperation without a monopolist gang claiming jurisdiction over everyone else. Once you admit that monopolies of violence are neither natural nor necessary, the burden shifts. Why canonize the strongest gang's decrees as "law" instead of calling them what they are? (violations of principle)

Your last point is a pure mockery too. "If you don't like it, you can move" is exile and not freedom. The whole point of anarcho-capitalism is that you don't have to uproot yourself just because some gang captured the bureaucracy. Your home, your business, your body remain yours, they don't suddenly switch ownership because someone with numbers and uniforms declares it so.
 
how do you propose to enforce and arbitrate contracts in the absence of a state?
Contracts are merely agreements about property use. Enforcement follows the same principle as all property rights. If someone violates the agreement, they are committing aggression (implicit or explicit theft) and the victim has the right to seek remedy.
Arbitration and enforcement are services that are in demand. Historically, private arbitration is already dominant in international trade, in commercial disputes, and even in many domestic contexts. Insurers, defense associations, and arbiters compete to provide reliable enforcement because their reputations and business are on the line.

Really, the question is less "how is it possible without a state" (because you can already see it in practice), it should be "why assume the state is necessary when market institutions handle it more efficiently and fairly?"
 
Yeah. If it helps, think of it like a contract:
Rights are what you get out of the deal. Restrictions, obligations, and taxes are the cost of entering the contract. Sometimes one side does not fulfill their end of the bargain and there isn't always much you can do about it. It's unfortunate, but at least "free" nations typically have a court system with which you can contest these breaches of contract and occasionally win.
As I said, it’s not necessarily the system itself, it’s the people running it and pile being ignorant of how law works to do something about it.
 
ngl ancap just sounds like fedposting with big words.

let's say, through some unspecified means, an ancap is voted into us presidency.

then what? dissolution of the army? legalization of well trained militias? the second amendment 2?

dress it up in theory (and your theory is well spoken enough), but how does any of this apply in practice?

by what mechanism does freedom of choice of coercive power defend itself against other coercive power, when it is necessarily in the best interest of the merchant of coercive power to maintain that power?

how does any of this work outside of on paper or in personal belief?
 
let's say, through some unspecified means, an ancap is voted into us presidency.
Nah, even though it's metaphysically possible, it's not a means of "actually achieving" anarcho-capitalism. Sneaking into office and decreeing liberty and dissolving the army by fiat simply isn't anarcho-capitalism, it's still the state calling the shots. My position is not about forcing freedom onto slaves. If you want to be a slave, I'll leave you in peace under the condition that your beloved slave master leaves me and my kin in peace. But the principle certainly isn't replacing the hand on the lever, it's to remove the lever altogether.
I'd argue that the state itself is a mind virus in the heads of people. And this mind virus makes them tolerate the absolute injustice going on. If our forefathers were even 1/1000 as great as we like to think they were, then they would already have done proper action (oh no, muh fedposting). But now it's up to people like me because my forefathers and your forefathers got born as slaves, lived as slaves, and died as slaves.
by what mechanism does freedom of choice of coercive power defend itself against other coercive power, when it is necessarily in the best interest of the merchant of coercive power to maintain that power?
You're still assuming the very thing under dispute. You assume coercive power must entrench itself. Sure, it always can in a state, but the thing that makes that possible is the state's monopoly, its exemption from liability, its ability to tax, its ability to declare "this is the law" and make it stick. And such an exemption does not exist in a free order. Every use of force has to justify itself against property boundaries. The moment some merchant of coercion decides to cross the line, he is not "the law", he's just an aggressor like any other. Accordingly, liable to resistance, boycott, retaliation, and coalitions against him.
It's trivially true that it's in the best interest of powerful people to maintain that power. The same way it's in the thief's best interest to keep stealing. But that does not make these things legitimate, it's just aggression to be resisted.
how does any of this work outside of on paper or in personal belief?
The same way it already does where state monopoly is slim or absent. People actually solve their own problems and use their own gray matter to find solutions, instead of being incompetent slaves with the mentality of a toddler, praying to papa state to go solve all the problems and make the scawy immigwants to way and legalize muh whatever I want legalized. People can resolve disputes without a literal gang being canonized as sovereign.
And that's the choice. Either you believe justice is real and force is evaluated against it, or you collapse justice into brute force and call every warlord "the law". If you take the latter position, like I said, I'm not here to free you from your slave master, and I'll leave you be in your slavery under the condition that your slave master leaves me and my kin be.
 
It's replacing a normative category with a weather report
Well my whole point is law shouldn't be perceived as a normative category, but a descriptive on. Granted, there should be a normative basis justifying any particular law but that's a normative statement in its own right and is not always the case.

No possible observation could show "there's no law here" because any stable coercion counts as "law".
Well the absence of people for starters.
There are plenty of observations you can make, like you can check if something is illegal in your current jurisdiction by doing it in front of a police officer.
If you can hit your crack pipe in front of an officer on multiple occasions and he just lets you every single time, it is defacto legal regardless of what the penal code says.

No actual system enforces consistently. Selective prosecution, discretion, budgets, and corruption are universal
You're being a little stringent on your definition of consistency. A 90% enforcement rate is pretty damn consistent and I'm fairly confident most violations will be met with at least a warning if observed by an officer at least 90% of the time.
And I did mention "unwritten laws." It is unwritten law of the land that certain types of people get more leniency than others.

How do you propose any actor (in the sense of being that acts) is supposed to plan? Like, "if I do X, then Y follows" is a plan. In your view, "law" is just a retrospective or probabilistic forecast of what the gang might enforce tomorrow. So it's not "rule of law", it's rule of whim. And the "objectivity" you claim is merely measurability of force after the fact, not an objective standard any actor can conform to beforehand.
This is again a gripe regarding consistency of enforcement.
How is one supposed to plan? Well let's say you're in a particularly diverse neighborhood where people wearing red clothes tend to shoot people wearing blue clothes and vice versa. We can consider this an overlapping jurisdiction where the red guys declare wearing blue a capital offense, blue guys declared wearing red is a capital offense. We'll also say enforcement of either is quite low. Like 10%.
The simplest answer is just not to wear either color regardless of how commonly it's enforced.

What even is "the" dominant power when authority overlaps? Like central government vs province vs agency vs cartel vs militia vs platform? Either there is simultaneous contradictory law or a normative rule of recognition to pick a winner is smuggled in
In cases where they're all vaguely "on the same team" (ie. Federal vs city government) there is typically mutual agreement on whose laws take priority. For groups that are adversarial to one another (ie, police vs gang), the dominant power structure depends whose law is most consistently enforced.

I honestly don't even understand how you're hung up on all this. You claimed earlier to reject a Platonist stance on law yet you are sitting here applying it rigidly.
Law, being a socially constructed descriptor, is going to have a lot of weird things you can nitpick about. Let me analogize it with "species." There's a common framework for how to define a group of animals as a species, but it's also really easy to get caught in the weeds if you start looking for contradictions. You'll find weird edge cases for anything if you look hard enough. The whole point is that it's a useful descriptor 90% of the time.


normative objectivity
This phrase is an oxymoron.


when I pressed you regarding the distinction between contract and extortion etc., you appealed to duress, instigation, predetermination, yet all of these are normative criteria that do not reduce to "who enforced what".
1. Duress, instigation, and predetermination are descriptive, not normative. One can objectively determine if they're taking place without making a value judgement.
2. They don't have to "reduce to who enforced what" because I made no statement on whether they should be illegal. In fact, I explicitly stated that their legality is irrelevant.


law grounded in objective features of reality,
These "objective features of reality" as I stated earlier, are not as "objective" as you think they are. I have already demonstrated this with your preconceived notions around property.

I'm sorry if I missed anything critical in your post here. But the key takeaway is you don't understand what I mean when I describe law as a social descriptor.
 
How is one supposed to plan? Well let's say you're in a particularly diverse neighborhood where people wearing red clothes tend to shoot people wearing blue clothes and vice versa. We can consider this an overlapping jurisdiction where the red guys declare wearing blue a capital offense, blue guys declared wearing red is a capital offense. We'll also say enforcement of either is quite low. Like 10%.
Inner city Los Angeles and the CRASH department would like a word with you. I know you’re trying to give a ridiculous example, but that has happened before.

If our forefathers were even 1/1000 as great as we like to think they were, then they would already have done proper action (oh no, muh fedposting). But now it's up to people like me because my forefathers and your forefathers got born as slaves, lived as slaves, and died as slaves.
Who are your forefathers? You’re not American, so the Founding Fathers for the USA would not apply.
 
Well my whole point is law shouldn't be perceived as a normative category, but a descriptive on. Granted, there should be a normative basis justifying any particular law but that's a normative statement in its own right and is not always the case.
It's clear to everybody that you've confessed that by "law" you mean nothing but whatever happens to get enforced often enough. Accordingly, every genocide, every purge, every lynching is automatically lawful as soon as it becomes common. And your so-called descriptive frame is not even neutral, it obliterates the very concept of crime.
If you can hit your crack pipe in front of an officer on multiple occasions and he just lets you every single time, it is defacto legal regardless of what the penal code says.
Do you not see that this is a gigantic weakness? Say suddenly one day you do get arrested. Was the law magically reborn? Or was it always there, but badly applied? You can't answer that without smuggling in the normative category you keep pretending to reject.
n cases where they're all vaguely "on the same team" (ie. Federal vs city government) there is typically mutual agreement on whose laws take priority. For groups that are adversarial to one another (ie, police vs gang), the dominant power structure depends whose law is most consistently enforced.
If two groups enforce conflicting rules, then by your own definition both are law, simultaneously. Do you see the problem?
Let me analogize it with "species." There's a common framework for how to define a group of animals as a species, but it's also really easy to get caught in the weeds if you start looking for contradictions. You'll find weird edge cases for anything if you look hard enough. The whole point is that it's a useful descriptor 90% of the time.
And your species analogy just betrays the whole game. Species classification has blurry edges because nature is continuous and not discrete. Property and aggression are discrete. Either two people can use the same thing at once without conflict or they can't. Either an act initiated conflict or it didn't. The boundaries exist in reality and not in academic categories.
1. Duress, instigation, and predetermination are descriptive, not normative. One can objectively determine if they're taking place without making a value judgement.
No they aren't. You can't even describe duress without appealing to a counterfactual ("would this contract have been signed without threat?"). That's a normative criterion about valid consent. Seriously, you're trying to sneak in normative judgments while claiming they're mere "descriptions", it's self-refuting

The key takeaway is that your position makes law indistinguishable from brute habit and then tries to pretend the collapse doesn't exist by using word games. If law is just a weather report, calling it "law" adds precisely nothing. You successfully empty the term of the very meaning you think you're clarifying.
 
Consensual sex between adults, regardless of how you feel about it, is not aggression. Raping children is aggression and it is treated as such under anarcho-capitalism. It is a violation of self-ownership and punishable as a crime.
Why? Under an anarchist system (not just anarcho-capitalist), who decides when a child becomes old enough to be an adult? Who decides that adults shouldn't harm children? How would an anarcho-capitalist system prevent a situation where a society that approves of the abuse of children perpetuates itself in time, like what happened in the Pitcairn Islands, for example?
 
Do you not see that this is a gigantic weakness? Say suddenly one day you do get arrested. Was the law magically reborn? Or was it always there, but badly applied? You can't answer that without smuggling in the normative category you keep pretending to reject.
Then, that law would’ve been enforced with the arrest being an immediate consequence. Law is always “there” whether you are actioned or not, it’s merely a matter of somebody enforcing it. Example: say we’re in Mafia times. A mob boss would have the police under his pocket where that boss and his subordinates would have “diplomatic immunity” within that jurisdiction indefinitely.
 
And that's the choice. Either you believe justice is real and force is evaluated against it, or you collapse justice into brute force and call every warlord "the law". If you take the latter position, like I said, I'm not here to free you from your slave master, and I'll leave you be in your slavery under the condition that your slave master leaves me and my kin be.
You're a respectable poster, but is that really all it takes to dismantle your worldview? "You win, then what?"

Like, you've got people coming up with fun philosophical arguments, but "yeah but what if there's a guy with a bigger stick" is where you throw up your hands and shrug, because I don't accept the premise?

Because not going to lie, it sounds like ancapistan is predicated on world peace, in which case your theory has a pretty big problem to deal with.

To restate the core problem: How does a lesser force combat a larger one? And that's a pretty general question, so more specifically, how does a smaller ancap force combat a larger unspecified force? It seems pretty important based on the decentralized nature of force under ancap theory.
 
Why? Under an anarchist system (not just anarcho-capitalist), who decides when a child becomes old enough to be an adult? Who decides that adults shouldn't harm children? How would an anarcho-capitalist system prevent a situation where a society that approves of the abuse of children perpetuates itself in time, like what happened in the Pitcairn Islands, for example?
The parents and other like minded citizens where children aren’t expected to be abused.
 
it obliterates the very concept of crime.
It makes crime context dependent, because it is.

suddenly one day you do get arrested. Was the law magically reborn? Or was it always there, but badly applied?
No magic necessary. A violation in an unwritten code occurred between the two.

If two groups enforce conflicting rules, then by your own definition both are law, simultaneously. Do you see the problem?
Nope. I genuinely do not see the problem. You are in an area where two centers of power are in active conflict. It's no different from being in disputed territory during a war.

Species classification has blurry edges because nature is continuous and not discrete
Bingo. So is authority. The law has blurry edges based on what gets enforced in practice and who you actually need to listen to.
You can't even describe duress without appealing to a counterfactual ("would this contract have been signed without threat?").
The existence of the threat makes it an instance of coercion. Whether the signatory would have agreed regardless is irrelevant.
 
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