Until rather recently, most efforts toward global relations, as well as national and international security and defense, have focused upon social factors influencing human behaviors, including hostility and patterned violence. Given that these behaviors are devised and articulated by human factors, and humans are most accurately defined as biopsychosocial organisms that are embedded within and responsive to geocultural environments, it is important to address and discern those (neuro)biological factors that are affected by and interact with psychosocial variables to dispose and instigate hostility and violence. Neuro S/T provides techniques and tools that are designed to assess, access, and target these neurological substrates, which could be employed to affect the putative cognitive, emotional, and behavioral bases of human aggression, conflict, and warfare.